Bi-Directional Position and Speed Estimation Algorithm for Sensorless Control of BLDC Motor
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2478/ecce-2018-0015Keywords:
Brushless motor, Estimation, Sensorless control, MATLABAbstract
The observer design for estimation of back EMF to control the Brushless DC (BLDC) motor is proposed in this paper. Rotor position of the BLDC motor is estimated using the sequence of estimated back EMF. During speed reversal of motor, the actual and estimated values of speed fail to track the reference speed and if corrective action is not taken by the observer, the motor goes into the unstable region. To overcome this problem, the speed estimation algorithm is proposed for BLDC motor control during its speed reversal operation. Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) Butterworth first order low-pass filters are used in the observer for smoothing the estimated back EMFs of the BLDC motor. A new controller scheme based on Modified Hybrid Fuzzy PI (MHFPI) controller is proposed to control the speed of the BLDC motor. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been validated through simulations for different disturbances such as step changes in the reference speed and load torque of the motor and results are compared with the existing methods.References
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M. T. DiRenzo, “Switched Reluctance Motor Control – Basic Operation and Example Using the TMS320F240”, Texas Instruments, SPRA420A Application Report, Digital Signal Processing Solutions, 2000.
D.-H. Lee et al., “A Current Ripple Reduction of a High-Speed Miniature Brushless Direct Current Motor Using Instantaneous Voltage Control”, IET Electric Power Applications, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 85–92, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa:20070490
C.-L. Xia, Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor Drives and Controls. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2012.
T.-S. Kim, B.-G. Park, D.-M. Lee, Ji-Su Ryu and D.-S. Hyun, “A New Approach to Sensorless Control Method for Brushless DC Motors”, International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 477–487, 2008.
J.-W. Park, S.-H. Hwang and J.-M. Kim, “Sensorless Control of Brushless DC Motors with Torque Constant Estimation for Home Appliances”, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 677–684, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2011.2181774
J. X. Shen, Z. Q. Zhu and D. Howe, “Sensorless Flux-Weakening Control of Permanent-Magnet Brushless Machines Using Third Harmonic Back EMF”, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 1629–1636, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2004.836157
J. X. Shen and S. Iwasaki, “Sensorless Control of Ultrahigh-Speed PM Brushless Motor Using PLL and Third Harmonic Back EMF”, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 421–428, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2006.870664
S. Ogasawara and H. Akagi, “An Approach to Position Sensorless Drive for Brushless DC Motors”, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 928–933, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1109/28.90349
X. Z. Zhang and Y. N. Wang, “A Novel Position-Sensorless Control Method for Brushless DC Motors”, Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 1669–1676, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2010.10.030
T-W. Chun, Q-V. Tran, H.-H. Lee, H.-G. Kim, “Sensorless Control of BLDC Motor Drive for an Automotive Fuel Pump Using a Hysteresis Comparator”, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 1382–1391, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2013.2261554
H. Ghassemi and S. Vaez-Zadeh, “A Very Fast Direct Torque Control for Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Startup”, Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 715–726, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2004.05.005
B. Asaei and A. Rostami, “A Novel Starting Method for BLDC Motors Without the Position Sensors”, Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 337–343, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2008.09.020
A. Stirban, I. Boldea, and G. D. Andreescu, “Motion Sensorless Control of BLDC-PM Motor with Offline FEM Information Assisted Position and Speed Observer”, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 1950–1958, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2012.2226194
B. Terzic and M. Jadric, “Design and Implementation of the Extended Kalman Filter for the Speed and Rotor Position Estimation of Brushless DC Motor”, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 1065–1073, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1109/41.969385
A. Rostami and B. Asaei, “A Novel Method for Estimating the Initial Rotor Position of PM Motors Without the Position Sensor”, Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 50, no. 8, pp. 1879–1883, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2009.04.029
S. M. Kazraj, R. B. Soflayi and M. B. B. Sharifian, “Sliding-Mode Observer for Speed and Position Sensorless Control of Linear-PMSM”, Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 20–26, 2014. https://doi.org/10.2478/ecce-2014-0003
K. Krykowski and J. Hetmanczyk, “Constant Current Models of Brushless DC Motor”, Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 19–24, 2013. https://doi.org/10.2478/ecce-2013-0010
M. V. Ramesh, G. S. Rao, J. Amarnath, S. Kamakshaiah and B. Jawaharlal, “Speed torque characteristics of brushless DC motor in either direction on load using ARM controller”, IEEE PES conference on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, pp. 217–222, Dec. 2011. https://doi.org/10.1109/iset-india.2011.6145385
D. Das, N. Kumaresan, V. Nayanar, K. N. Sam and N. A. Gounden, “Development of BLDC Motor-Based Elevator System Suitable for DC Microgrid”, IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 1552–1560, June 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMECH.2015.2506818
S. K. Awaze, “Four quadrant operation of BLDC motor in MATLAB/SIMULINK”, IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks, pp. 569–573, Sept. 2013. https://doi.org/10.1109/CICN.2013.124
R. Shanmugasundram, K. M. Zakariah and N. Yadaiah, “Implementation and performance analysis of digital controllers for brushless DC motor drives”, IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatronics, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 213–224, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMECH.2012.2226469
M. Zerikat and S. Chekroun, “Design and Implementation of a Hybrid Fuzzy Controller for a High-Performance Induction Motor”, International Journal of Computer and Information Engineering, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 202–208, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1333794
A. V. Sant and K. R. Rajagopal, “PM Synchronous Motor Speed Control Using Hybrid Fuzzy-PI with Novel Switching Functions”, IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, vol. 45, no. 10, pp. 4672–4675, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2009.2022191
A. Rubaai, D. Ricketts and M. D. Kankam, “Experimental Verification of a Hybrid Fuzzy Control Strategy for a High-Performance Brushless DC Drive System”, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 503–512, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1109/28.913715
M. T. DiRenzo, “Switched Reluctance Motor Control – Basic Operation and Example Using the TMS320F240”, Texas Instruments, SPRA420A Application Report, Digital Signal Processing Solutions, 2000.
D.-H. Lee et al., “A Current Ripple Reduction of a High-Speed Miniature Brushless Direct Current Motor Using Instantaneous Voltage Control”, IET Electric Power Applications, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 85–92, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa:20070490
C.-L. Xia, Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor Drives and Controls. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2012.
T.-S. Kim, B.-G. Park, D.-M. Lee, Ji-Su Ryu and D.-S. Hyun, “A New Approach to Sensorless Control Method for Brushless DC Motors”, International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 477–487, 2008.
J.-W. Park, S.-H. Hwang and J.-M. Kim, “Sensorless Control of Brushless DC Motors with Torque Constant Estimation for Home Appliances”, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 677–684, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2011.2181774
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01.12.2018
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Copyright (c) 2018 Mitesh B. Astik et al., published by Sciendo
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Astik, M. B., Bhatt, P., & Bhalja, B. R. (2018). Bi-Directional Position and Speed Estimation Algorithm for Sensorless Control of BLDC Motor. Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering, 14(2), 125-133. https://doi.org/10.2478/ecce-2018-0015
